GThe atomic radii of a divalent cation and a monovalent anion are 0.085 nm and 0.125 nm, respectively. (a) Calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at their equilibrium interionic separation (i. e., when the ions just touch one another)./homework-help/electron-su bshell-filled-rare-earth-series-ele ments-periodic-chapter-2-problem-14 qp-solution-9781118324578-exc

1.05 × 10⁻⁸ N

Explanation:

Using Coulomb's law

F force of attraction between them = k = k

K coulomb constant = 8.99 × 10⁹ N m²C⁻²

Z₁ = + 2 ( valency electron)

Z₂ = -1 ( valency electron)

r is the distance between then since they just touch one another = 0.085 nm + 0.125 nm = 0.21 nm = 0.21 × 10⁻⁹ m

q charge = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C of an electron

F = ( 2 × 1 × 8.99 × 10⁹ N m²C⁻² × (1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C)² / ( 0.21 × 10⁻⁹ m )² = 1046.34 × 10 ⁻¹¹ = 1.05 × 10⁻⁸ N

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.