IM TIMED
The diagrams show the movement of particles for two substances. The left image labeled X shows spaced out green balls with long movement lines behind them. The right image shows tightly cluster green balls with short movement lines behind them. Which best compares the temperatures of the substances?
Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.

Substance X has the highest temperature because it has fewer particles.

Substance Y has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.

Substance Y has the highest temperature because it has more particles.

Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.

Explanation:

The temperature of a substance is an indicator of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance.

In particular, the two quantities are directly proportional to each other, as shown in the equation:

where

KE is the average kinetic energy of the molecules

k is the Boltzmann's constant

T is the temperature of the substance

In this problem, we have a figure showing the movement of particles for 2 substances.

For substance X, the particles have long movement lines behind them: this means that they move faster, so their average kinetic energy is larger, and so the temperature of substance X is higher.

For substance Y, the particles have short movement lines behind them: this means that they move slower, so their average kinetic energy is smaller, and so the temperature of substance Y is lower.

Therefore, the correct option is

Substance X has the highest temperature because its particles have more kinetic energy.

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