Markovnikov addition of HBr to CH3CH=CH2 involves which of the following? Group of answer choices Formation of a primary carbocation. Initial attack by bromide anion (Br-). Formation of a secondary carbocation. Initial attack by bromine radical (Br•).

Explanation:

In the field of organic chemistry, Markownikoff's rule or Markovnikov's rule illustrates the result of some addition reactions. This rule was invented by Vladimir Markovnikov a Russian chemist in the year 1870.

For example, once a protic acid HX (X = Cl, Br, I) is added to an asymmetrically substituted alkene, the acidic hydrogen addition is expected to takes place at the less alternated carbon atom of the double bond, even as the halide X is added to the more alkyl alternated carbon atom.

The image below id the step by step explanation to the question above:

Ithink the answer is a or d.

The problem here is that according to aufbau principle before 3d orbital 4s subshell comes.after filling 3p orbital with electrons you have 4 electrons left, you place two in 4s with opposite spin and the other two in 3d in any of its two orbitals of total five orbitals with the same spin.