Aqueous hydrochloric acid reacts with solid sodium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium chloride and liquid water what is the terorectical yield of water formed from the reaction of 3.3 g of hydrocloric acid and 6.6g of sodium hydroxide?

1.63 g of H₂O is the theoretical yield

Explanation:

We determine the reactants for the reaction:

HCl, NaOH

We determine the products for the reaction:

H₂O, NaCl

The equation for this neutralization reaction is:

HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

We use both masses, from both reactants to determine the limiting.

First, we convert the mass to moles.

3.3 g . 1mol / 36.45 g = 0.090 moles of HCl

6.6 g . 1mol / 40 g = 0.165 moles of NaOH

Ratio is 1:1, so for 0.165 moles of hydroxide I need the same amount of acid. I have 0.090 HCl so the acid is the limiting reagent.

Let's work with stoichiometry. Ratio is 1:1, again.

1 mol of acid can produce 1 mol of water

Therefore, 0.090 moles of acid must produce 0.090 moles of H₂O

We convert the moles to mass, to define the theoretical yield

0.090 mol . 18g / 1 mol = 1.63 g

The theoretical yield of H2O is 1.63 grams

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of hydrochloric acid = 3.3 grams

Mass of sodium hydroxide = 6.6 grams

Molar mass hydrochloric acid (HCl) = 36.46 g/mol

Molar mass sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 40.0 g/mol

Step 2: The balanced equation

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

Step 3: Calculate moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles HCl = 3.3 grams / 36.46 g/mol

Moles HCl = 0.0905 moles

Moles NaOH = 6.6 grams / 40.0 g/mol

Moles NaOH = 0.165 moles

Step 4: Calculate the limiting reactant

HCl is the limiting reactant. There will react 0.0905 moles. NaOH is in excess. There will react 0.0905 moles moles. There will remain 0.165 - 0.0905 = 0.0745 moles

Step 5: Calculate moles H2O

For 1 mol HCl we need 1 mol NaOH to produce 1 mol NaCl and 1 mol H2O

For 0.0905 moles HCl we'll have 0.0905 moles H2O

Step 6: Calculate mass H2O

Mass H2O = moles * molar mass

Mass H2O = 0.0905 * 18.02 g/mol

Mass H2O = 1.63 grams

The theoretical yield of H2O is 1.63 grams

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