How do scientist determine when era begins and when it ends

Does anyone know a lot about how to: - calculate mass of magnesium metal - calculate the actual yield of magnesium oxide - calculate the theoretical yield of mgo - calculate the percent yield of mgo - determine the percent yield of mgo - determine the average percent yield of mgo i had to do an online lab and its asking these questions but i have no idea where to start or how to be able to find these things. i can post the chart of the data from the lab or if you can tell me exactly how i can find each.

If a solution had a ph of 7 what is the solution

Ahypothesis must be testable and falsifiable to be considered scientific a. trueb. false