When iron(III) oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid, iron(III) chloride and water are formed. How many grams of iron(III) chloride are formed from 10.0 g of iron(III) oxide and 10.0 g of hydrochloric acid

The mass of iron (III) chloride produced is 14.81 grams

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

    .....(1)

Given mass of iron(III) oxide = 10.0 g

Molar mass of iron(III) oxide = 159.7 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 10.0 g

Molar mass of hydrochloric acid = 36.5 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

The chemical equation for the reaction of iron (III) oxide and hydrochloric acid follows:

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

6 moles of hydrochloric acid reacts with 1 mole of iron (III) oxide

So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will react with = of iron (III) oxide

As, given amount of iron (III) oxide is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, hydrochloric acid is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

6 moles of hydrochloric acid produces 2 moles of iron (III) chloride

So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will produce = of iron (III) chloride

Now, calculating the mass of iron (III) chloride from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of iron (III) chloride = 162.2 g/mol

Moles of iron (III) chloride = 0.0913 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

Hence, the mass of iron (III) chloride produced is 14.81 grams