Boyle’s, Charles, Gay-Lussac’s problems. How to set up and solve.

Explanation:

Boyle's Law:

"The volume of given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure by keeping the temperature and number of moles constant"

Mathematical expression:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₁ = Initial pressure

V₁ = initial volume

P₂ = final pressure

V₂ = final volume  

Now we will put the values in formula when Final temperature is to be calculated,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

1.8 atm × 350 L = 1 atm × V₂

V₂ = 630 atm. L/1 atm

V₂ = 630 L

Charles Law:

"The volume of given amount of gas is directly proportional to its  temperature by keeping the pressure and number of moles constant"

Mathematical expression:

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

V₁ = Initial volume

T₁ = Initial temperature

V₂ = Final volume  

T₂ = Final temperature

If the three values are given the forth one can be calculated.

For example,

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

V₂ = V₁T₂/T₁  

V₂ = 4.5 L × 348 K / 298 k

V₂ = 1566 L.K / 298 K

V₂ = 5.3 L

Gay-Lussac's Law:

"The pressure of given amount of gas is directly proportional to its  temperature by keeping the volume and number of moles constant"

Mathematical expression:

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

P₁ = Initial pressure

T₁ = Initial temperature

P₂ = Final pressure

T₂ = Final temperature

If the three values are given the forth one can be calculated.

For example,

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

P₂ = P₁T₂/T₁  

P₂ = 4.5 atm × 348 K / 298 k

P₂ = 1566 atm.K / 298 K

P₂ = 5.3 atm

on passing the small ampere of electric current through the tube made of ar and hg of cfl generates uv rays which excites the fluorescent and thus emits the high radiation by consumption of just 5- 12 w in comparison to incandescent light which requires more power such as around 40 - 55 w to lighten.

moreover the life span of fluorescent or cfl is around 8000 h whereas the life span of incandescent is around 1200 h

hence, the building installed with incandescent lights bears more electricity bill.