Electrolysis is a process that can split water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. If 27.1 g of water are split, what is the resulting mole fraction of hydrogen gas? Of oxygen gas? If the gases are in a 12.2 L container at standard temperature, what is the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas? Of oxygen gas?

1. mole fraction of hydrogen gas: 0.6672. Mole fraction of oxygen gas: 0.3333. Partial pressure of the hydrogen gas: 2.764 atm4. Partial pressure of oxygen gas: 1.382 atm

Explanation:

1. Chemical equation of electrolysis

a) Word equation:

Water  → hydrogen gas + oxygen gas

b) Balanced chemical equation:

           

c)  Mole ratios:

         

2.  Number of moles of water

i) Formula: Number of moles = mass in grams/molar mass

ii) Molar mass of water: 18.015g/mol

iii) Mass: 27.1 g

iv) Substitute and compute:

Number of moles = 27.1g / 18.015g = 1.504mol

3.  Mol fraction of hydrogen gas:

a) Number of moles of hydrogen gas:

Using the theoretical mol ratio of hydrogen to water, 2 moles of water produce 2 moles of hydrogen gas. Then, 1.504 mol of water produce 1.504 mol of hydrogen gas.

1.504 mol H₂(g)

b) Number of moles of oxygen gas:

Using the theoretical mol ratio, 2 moles of water produce 1 mole of oxygen gas. The, 1.504 mol of water produce half of 1.504 mol = 0.752 moles of oxygen gas.

0.752 mol O₂(g)

c) Mole fraction:

i) Formula:

ii) For hydrogen:

               

               

4. Mole fraction of oxygen gas

The mole fraction of all the components of a mixture adds up 1.

The mole fraction of O₂ = 1 - 0.667 = 0.333

5. Partial pressure of the hydrogen gas

i) Calculate the total pressure

Use ideal gas equation:

         

         

Substitute:

n = 2.256molR = 0.08206amt-liter/K-molT = 273.15K

         

ii) Partial pressure

Formula:

Substitute and compute:

       

6. Partial pressure  oxygen gas

       

Bar graph

Deposition is the transition of matter going from gas to solid without passing through the liquid phase.a.) gas—-> solid