Classify each of the following statements as an experiment, a hypothesis, a scientific law, an observation, or a theory. For example, Joseph Gay-Lussac reacted hydrogen and oxygen to produce water vapor, and he reacted nitrogen and oxygen to form either dinitrogen oxide (N2O) or nitrogen monoxide (NO). Gay-Lussac found that hydrogen and oxygen react in a 2:1 volume ratio and that nitrogen and oxygen can react in 2:1 or 1:1 volume ratios depending on the product. In 1808, Gay-Lussac published a paper in which he stated that the relative volumes of gases in a chemical reaction are present in the ratio of small integers provided that all gases are measured at the same temperature and pressure. In 1811, Amedeo Avogadro proposed that equal volumes of all gases measured at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. By midcentury, Rudolf Clausius, James Clerk Maxwell, and others had developed a detailed rationalization of the behavior of gases in terms of molecular motions

Classify each of the following statements as an experiment, a hypothesis, a scientific law, an observation, or a theory.

(1) For example, Joseph Gay-Lussac reacted hydrogen and oxygen to produce water vapor, and he reacted nitrogen and oxygen to form either dinitrogen oxide (N2O) or nitrogen monoxide (NO). Gay-Lussac found that hydrogen and oxygen react in a 2:1 volume ratio and that nitrogen and oxygen can react in 2:1 or 1:1 volume ratios depending on the product.

(2) In 1808, Gay-Lussac published a paper in which he stated that the relative volumes of gases in a chemical reaction are present in the ratio of small integers provided that all gases are measured at the same temperature and pressure.

(3) In 1811, Amedeo Avogadro proposed that equal volumes of all gases measured at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.

(4) By midcentury, Rudolf Clausius, James Clerk Maxwell, and others had developed a detailed rationalization of the behavior of gases in terms of molecular motions

The correct answers to the question are as follows

(1) An experiment

(2) A scientific law

(3) A hypothesis

(4) A theory

Explanation:

(1)  An experiment

A scientific experiment involves the development of procedures to verify an hypothesis

(2) A scientific law

A scientific law is a description or general rule to explain an observed phenomenon using a mathematical or verbal statement without attempting to provide an explanation

(3) A hypothesis

An hypothesis is an explanation of an observed phenomenon which can then be tested through the performance of experiments

(4) A theory

A theory in science is an explanation of naturally occurring phenomenon backed up by the results of experiments and observation

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