Why do elements in a vertical column of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?

they have the same number of outer electrons.

they have equal numbers of protons and electrons.

they have the same number of electrons

they have the same number of protons.

Compare and contrast physical changes with chemical changes.

100 grams of molten lead (600°c) is used to make musket balls. if the lead shot is allowed to cool to room temperature (21°c), what is the change in entropy (in j/k) of the lead? (for the specific heat of molten and solid lead use 1.29 j/g⋅°c; the latent heat of fusion and the melting point of lead are 2.45 × 104 j/kg and 327°c, respectively.)

Amechanical wave that transports a lot of energy will have a