Can someone explain a clear, step by step way of how to balance equations

If you burn 46.6 g of hydrogen and produce 416 g of water, how much oxygen reacted

The equation below shows a chemical reaction. a + b + heat —> c + d according to the law of conservation of energy, which statement is true? a. the reactants absorb heat because they have less energy than the products. b. the products release heat because they have more energy than the reactants. c. the reactants generate heat because they have more energy than the products. d. the products require heat to form because they have less energy than the reactants.

Which statement explains which component is likely to be more powerful in explaining a scientific phenomenon? a) component c, because a theory is often passed on possibility and not certainty b) component d, because a hypothesis is often based on possibility not certainty c) component c, because the ability to explain several occurrences in the natural world is a characteristic of a hypothesis d) component d, because the ability to explain several occurrences in the natural world is a characteristic of a theory