The coordination sphere of a complex consists of the coordination sphere of a complex consists of the ligands the central metal ion only coordination and steric numbers the central metal ion and the ligands bonded to it the primary and secondary valencies submitr

The coordination sphere of a complex consists of the central metal ion and the ligands bonded to it.

Explanation:

The Coordination Compounds are sets of a central metal ion attached to a group of molecules or ions that surround it. They are also called metal complexes or simply complexes. Then they are compounds that have a central atom surrounded by a group of molecules or ions, the latter called ligands.

The central atom must have empty orbitals capable of accepting pairs of electrons, with the transition metals being the ones with the greatest tendency. Because of this, they can act as Lewis acids (electron pair acceptors). The ligands have unshared electron pairs, then acting as Lewis bases (electron pair donors).

When forming a complex, it is said that the ligands coordinate to the metal and the central metal and the ligands attached to it constitute the coordination sphere of the complex.

Finally, the coordination sphere of a complex consists of the central metal ion and the ligands bonded to it.

water and alcohols have similar properties because water molecules contain hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and with alcohol molecules, and likewise alcohol molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other alcohol molecules as well as with water.