Phenolphthalein has a pka of 9.7 and is colorless in its acid form and pink in its basic form. calculate [in-}/{hin} for the following ph

4.9

2.1

7.8

11.5

1.58x10⁻⁵

2.51x10⁻⁸

0.0126

63.10

Explanation:

Phenolphthalein acts like a weak acid, so in aqueous solution, it has an acid form HIn, and the conjugate base In-, and the pH of it can be calculated by the Handerson-Halsebach equation:

pH = pKa + log[In-]/[HIn]

pKa = -logKa, and Ka is the equilibrium constant of the dissociation of the acid. [X] is the concentrantion of X. Thus,

i) pH = 4.9

4.9 = 9.7 + log[In-]/[HIn]

log[In-]/[HIn] = - 4.8

[In-]/[HIn] =

[In-]/[HIn] = 1.58x10⁻⁵

ii) pH = 2.1

2.1 = 9.7 + log[In-]/[HIn]

log[In-]/[HIn] = -7.6

[In-]/[HIn] =

[In-]/[HIn] = 2.51x10⁻⁸

iii) pH = 7.8

7.8 = 9.7 + log[In-]/[HIn]

log[In-]/[HIn] = -1.9

[In-]/[HIn] =

[In-]/[HIn] = 0.0126

iv) pH = 11.5

11.5 = 9.7 + log[In-]/[HIn]

log[In-]/[HIn] = 1.8

[In-]/[HIn] =

[In-]/[HIn] = 63.10