The reaction of butan-2-ol with concentrated aqueous hbr goes with partial racemization, giving more inversion than retention of configuration. propose a mechanism that accounts for racemization with excess inversion. (b) under the same conditions, an optically active sample of trans-2-bromocyclopentanol reacts with concentrated aqueous hbr to give an optically inactive product, (racemic) trans-1,2- dibromocyclopentane. propose a mechanism to show how this reaction goes with apparently complete retention of configuration, yet with racemization.

A100-watt light bulb radiates energy at a rate of 100 j/s. (the watt, a unit of power or energy over time, is defined as 1 j/s.) if all of the light emitted has a wavelength of 525 nm , how many photons are emitted per second?

1. suppose a reaction mixture, when diluted with water, afforded 300 ml of an aqueous solution of 30 g of the reaction product malononitrile [ch2(cn)2], which is to be isolated by extraction with ether. the solubility of malononitrile in ether at room temperature is 20.0 g/100 ml, and in water is 13.3 g/100 ml. what weight of malononitrile would be recovered by extraction with (a) three 100-ml portions of ether and (b) one 300-ml portion of ether? suggestion: for each extraction, let x equal the weight extracted into the ether layer. in part (a), the concentration in the ether layer is x/100 and in the water layer is (30 x)/300; the ratio of these quantities is equal to k 20/13.3.

Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that earth’s interior is made up of several