Identify the major organic product of the following reaction. if two regioisomers are formed in appreciable amounts, show them both. p-bromobenzyl bromide + sodium cyanide

p-bromobenzyl cyanide

Explanation:

In a nucleophilic substitution, a nucleophile replaces a leaving group (halide ion) from a carbon atom, using a lone pair of electrons to form a new bond with the carbon atom.

In this reaction, the cyanide ion is the nucleophile and the bromide ion is the leaving group.

This nucleophilic substitution is an example of an SN₂ reaction. This reaction occurs in a single step, where bonds break and form simultaneously.

In this product, the nucleophile occupies the opposite stereochemical position to the original position of the leaving group. This result is known as an inversion of the carbon atom configuration.

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.