Which of the following would you identify a titration curve that involved a strong acid titrated by a weak base?
a. the ph at the equivalence point is lower than 7.
b. the ph at the equivalence point is higher than 7.
c. the titration curve begins at a higher ph and ends at a lower ph.
d. there is a rapid change in ph near the equivalence point (ph = 7).

The pH at the equivalence point is lower than 7

Explanation:

Given the titration involves a strong acid and a weak base

An example  is the reaction between ammonia  and hydrochloric acid  in the aqueous phase

The pH of the base will ordinarily start high and drop rapidly with the additions of acid. As the equivalence point is approached, the pH will change more gradually, until finally one drop will cause a rapid pH transition through the equivalence point.

If a chemical indicator is used—methyl orange would be a good choice in this case—it changes from its basic to its acidic colour.

In strong acid-weak base titrations, the pH at the equivalence point is not 7 but below it. This is due to the production of a conjugate acid during the titration; it will react with water to produce hydronium ions.

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explanation:

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the transfer of heat by electromagnetic radiation is called thermal radiation . it is usually carried out by electromagnetic waves in an energy range just below the visible spectrum, which is the infrared range.

so the answer would be radiation.

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