Transient heating of a concrete wall. a wall made of concrete 0.305 m thick is insulated on the rear side. the wall at a uniforin temperature of 10°c (283.2 k) is exposed on the front side to a gas at 843°c (1116.2 k). the convection coefficient is 28.4 w/m².k, the thermal diffusivity is 1.74 x 10" mº/h, and the thermal conductivity is 0.935 w/ m k . (a) calculate the time for the temperature at the insulated face to reach 232°c (505.2 k). (b) calculate the temperature at a point 0.152 m below the surface at this same time.

chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances. these processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions. some reactions produce heat and are called exothermic reactions and others may require heat to enable the reaction to occur, which are called endothermic reactions. understanding chemical changes is a major part of the science of chemistry.