What causes the lines in the spectrum for elements? a continuous release of energy from the heated element a quantum absorption of energy as various electrons are excited to a higher energy level a quantum release of energy as electrons drop back to their ground state none of the above

Two nitro no2 groups are chemically bonded to a patch of surface. they can't move to another location on the surface, but they can rotate (see sketch at right). it turns out that the amount of rotational kinetic energy each no2 group can have is required to be a multiple of ε, where =ε×1.010−24 j. in other words, each no2 group could have ε of rotational kinetic energy, or 2ε, or 3ε, and so forth — but it cannot have just any old amount of rotational kinetic energy. suppose the total rotational kinetic energy in this system is initially known to be 32ε. then, some heat is removed from the system, and the total rotational kinetic energy falls to 18ε. calculate the change in entropy. round your answer to 3 significant digits, and be sure it has the correct unit symbol.

Electric charge is what ? a. kinetic energy b. radiation c. discovery d. electricity

Stage in which a star’s outer layers have started to cool and grow outward?