Calculate the values of δu, δh, and δs for the following process:

1 mole of liquid water at 25 c and 1 atm ➡️ 1 mole of steam at 100 c and 1 atm

the molar heat of vaporization of water at 373 k is 40.79 kj mol-1, and molar heat capacity of water is 75.3 j k-1 mol-1. assume molar heat capacity to be temperature independent and ideal-gas behavior.

ΔU = 45.814 KJ

ΔH = 46.4375 KJ

ΔS = 18.76 J/K

Explanation:

            H2O(l)        →          H2O(l)                →              H2O(steam)

   298.15K, 1atm   ΔHp     373.15K,1atm       ΔHv         373.15K,1 atm

∴ ΔHp = Qp = nCpΔT

∴ n H2O = 1 mol

∴ Cp,n = 75.3 J/mol.K

∴ ΔT = 373.25 - 298.15 = 75 K

⇒ Qp = (1 mol)*(75.3 J/mol.K)*(75K) = 5647.5 J

⇒ ΔHp = 5647.5 J = 5.6475 KJ

⇒ ΔH = ΔHp + ΔHv

∴ ΔHv = 40.79 KJ/mol * 1 mol = 40.79 KJ  

⇒ ΔH = 5.6475 KJ + 40.79 KJ = 46.4375 KJ

ideal gas:

∴ ΔH = ΔU + PΔV

∴ V1 = nRT1/P1 = ((1)*(0.082)*(298.15))/1 = 24.45 L

∴ V2 = nRT2/P2 = ((1)*(0.082)*(373.15))/ 1 = 30.59 L

⇒ ΔV = V2 - V1 = 6.15 L * (m³/1000L) = 6.15 E-3 m³

∴ P = 1 atm * (Pa/ 9.86923 E-6 atm) = 101325.027 Pa

⇒ ΔU = ΔH - PΔV = 46.4375 KJ - ((101325.027 Pa*6.15 E-3m³)*(KJ/1000J))

⇒ ΔU = 46.4375 KJ - 0.623 KJ

⇒ ΔU = 45.814 KJ

∴ ΔS = Cv,n Ln (T2/T1) + nR Ln (V2/V1)

⇒ ΔS = (75.3) Ln(373.15/298.15) + (1)*(8.314) Ln (30.59/24.45)

⇒ ΔS = 16.896 J/K + 1.863 J/K

⇒ ΔS = 18.76 J/K

  the   balanced   equation   for   reaction of   ca metal   with   o2 to   produce   cao   is as below

2 ca+ o2→ 2 cao2

  explanation

the reaction is   balanced     since the   number of atoms   in reactant side is   equal to   number of atoms   in   product side.   for   example   they   are 2   atom of   ca in   reactant   side   and   2   atoms of ca   in   the product side.

  the   process   is a   meet the   requirement   of   redox   reaction because :     calcium   is   oxidized   from   oxidation state 0   to 2+   while   oxygen   is reduced from   oxidation   state   0   to 2-

each  column  of the  table  is called a group. elements in a group share similar properties. groups are  read  from  top  to  bottom. metal. metalloid. nonmetal. solid. liquid. gas. fe. hg. o.  2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.  2. beryllium. 9.012. 4.  sodium. 22.990.  11. 3.  magnesium. 24.305.  12.  potassium. 39.098.  19. 4.  calcium. 40.078.  20. i guess  i