What happens to electrons in the photoelectric effect
a. they are turned into light.
b they are made to orbit faster.
c. they are added to atoms.
d. they are knocked away from atoms.

I’m not sure what your trying to say here.. can you clarify again?

Adialysis unit requires 78.5 l of water.the estimated digit is 5. 

According to arrhenius theory of acid and bases, an acid is a proton donor, while base donates hydroxyl ions. further, acid and base reacts to form salt and water.consider following example.hcl    +      h2o          →      cl-          +      h3o+here, hcl has donated a proton, hence it is an acid.now consider following reactionhcl      +      naoh            ↔      nacl      +        h2oin this reaction, hcl donates proton, hence it is acid. on other hand, naoh donates hydroxyl ion (i.e. hence it is a base.