Asolution is made by mixing 0.82 grams of sodium acetate, 1 ml of 12 m acetic acid (pka=4.76) and water to give a final volume of 1 l. evaluates the usefulness of this solution as a buffer.

a saline water is fed to a reverse osmosis unit at flow rate o rotameter connected to reject (retentate) line reads 8 installed in reject and permeate line reads 15.2 milli siemens/cm and 300 micro siemens/com respectively.