Identify which of the following are considered solutions. i. a medicine that says "shake before using" ii. rubbing alcohol iii. italian salad dressing iv a soda pop drink v pasteurized milk vi black coffee

II, IV, VI

Explanation:

Rubbing alcohol is a solution of isopropyl alcohol on water.

A soda pop drink is a solution of carbon dioxide and sweetening and flavouring agents in water.

Black coffee is an aqueous solution of the soluble components of roasted coffee beans.

I is wrong. A medicine that says "shake before using" must contain an insoluble solid or liquid that must be evenly dispersed before ingestion.

III is wrong. Italian salad dressing is an emulsion of olive oil, vinegar, and other flavouring agents.

V is wrong. Pasteurized milk is an emulsion of fat globules and a suspension of proteins in an aqueous solution of lactose, salts, and other substances.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

while cooking a piece of 1/2 pound beef steak, a cast iron pan (2.4kg in weight) was heated 260 celsius.