Explain what is in a buffer. discuss the function of a buffer. how will ph change when small amounts of acids or bases are added to the buffer solution?

Is a substance that can maintain  certain range of pH

Explanation:

A buffer is mixture of two salts that are complementary, one salt is acid and another is basic, but since then share some part of their structure, if you add to this mixture another acid, the basic salt can absorb it and still maintaining the same pH. If you pour a base, the acid salt will absorb it and again the final pH will remain the same. So the buffers are used to maintain the same pH does not matter if you add small quantities of an acid or base.

"you start with 15.67 g mgco3-xh2o, when heated and all the water is removed, you are left with 7.58 g mgco3 only.

therefore, you had 15.67 - 7.58 = 8.09g h2o  

moles of each :

7.58g mgco3 = ? moles = 7.58g / 83.4g/mole = 0.09moles  

8 09g h2o = ? moles = 8.09g / 18g/mole = 0.44moles  

molar ratio between the two by dividing both numbers by the smallest number :

0.09 / 0.09 = 1  

0.44 / 0.09 = 4.8  

mgco3-5h2o"

it would be a gas formation