If one subshell of an atom has 8 electrons in it, what is the minimum value of ℓ? ℓ = (b) what is the spectroscopic notation for this subshell if it is part of the n = 3 shell? 8p3 3d8 8d3 3f8 3p8 †

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.

a