Two adjacent compressor discs (surfaces 1 and 2) each of 0.4 m diameter are bounded at the periphery by a 0.1 m wide shroud (surface 3). given that f12 = 0.6, calculate all the other view factors for this configuration. [5 marks]
surface 2 surface 3
surface 1
(b) the initial temperature distribution across a wall with a thickness of 0.3 m is described with the following function:
cape201001
(b) the spectral emissivity of the outer surface at 1000 k is such that at
wavelengths between 0 and 5 μm the emissivity (ε) is 0.3; between 5 and 8 μm, ε is 0.8 and from 8 μm to ∞, ε is 0.2. determine the average emissivity of th

water and alcohols have similar properties because water molecules contain hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and with alcohol molecules, and likewise alcohol molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other alcohol molecules as well as with water.

chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances. these processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions. some reactions produce heat and are called exothermic reactions and others may require heat to enable the reaction to occur, which are called endothermic reactions. understanding chemical changes is a major part of the science of chemistry.