16. in a reaction that has reached equilibrium, a. the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate. b. the reactants and products are in equal concentrations. c. the forward reaction has gone further than the reverse reaction. d. there are equal numbers of atoms on both sides of the equation. e. a, b, and d are correct.

None of the above.

Explanation:

a, c, and d are correct.

a. In a reaction at equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate.

c. If the position of equilibrium lies to the right, the forward reaction has "gone further" than the reverse reaction.

d. Even if the position of equilibrium is far to the right, the balanced equation for the equilibrium has equal numbers on each side of the equation. For example, in the equilibrium reaction 2H₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2H₂O, the position of equilibrium is far to the right but there are equal atoms on each side of the reaction.

b. is wrong. It is exceptionally rare for reactants and products to have the same concentrations at equilibrium.

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