Compare how entropy changes for the following two systems: system a: solid particles are dissolved in water. system b: vapor from a gas is condensed

Explanation:

Entropy is concept which the describes the state of randomness or disorderliness of particles of a system. The entropic level depends on two important factors:

1. Temperature

2. Physical state of matter

For system A, in going from solid to liquid by dissolution in water the entropy increases. Solids are the most ordered substances followed by liquids. Gases are the most random.

For system B, moving from gas to a condensed state, there is a huge decrease in randomness of the system. The system tends towards more orderliness as the condensing forces changes a gas to a liquid. For this system, entropy reduces.

Explanation:

Degree of randomness is known as entropy. More is the collision between particles more randomly they will move from one place to another.

Hence, more will be entropy of the substance.

In system A, when solid particles will dissolve in water then it means particles of solid will change into ions. Hence, they will move rapidly from one place to another. This shows that entropy of system A has increased.

In system B, when vapor of a gas is condensed then it means gaseous state has changed into liquid state. In gases state, molecules have more kinetic energy and they move rapidly.

But in liquid state, molecules come closer to each other and they attain less kinetic energy as compared to molecules in a gaseous state.

This means that entropy decreases in system B.

chemical properties are the characteristic of matter which can only be observed by changing the chemical identity of a sample like flammability reactivity and toxicity.

c. heat could easily travel through the molecules in the air and escape/enter the flask. removing the air slows down the heat transfer.