Aluminum reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce aluminum chloride and hydrogen gas. what mass of hydrochloric acid reacts when 87.7 grams of aluminum dissolves in excess hydrochloric acid

355.5 g.

Explanation:

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂,

It is clear that 2.0 moles of Al react with 6.0 mole of HCl to produce 2.0 moles of AlCl₃ and 3.0 mole of H₂.

no. of moles of Al = mass/atomic mass = (87.7 g)/(26.98 g/mol) = 3.251 mol.

Using cross multiplication:

2.0 mol of Al need to react → 6.0 mol of HCl, from stichiometry.

3.251 mol of Al need to react → ??? mol of HCl.

∴ the no. of moles of HCl needed to react with (87.7 g) 3.251 mol of Al = (3.251 mol)(6.0 mol)/(2.0 mol) = 9.752 mol.

mass of HCl = (no. of moles)(molar mass) = (9.752 mol)(36.46 g/mol) = 355.5 g.

answer: the rate of diffusion increases with increase in temperature.

increase in temperature, increases the molecular/particles speed (kinetic energy. diffusion means movement of particles through the material.

generally, the heavier the particle the more it interacts with the environment and more the temperature matters. so higher temperature results in higher diffusion.