Chemistry, 09.11.2019 21:31 bravooyessenia

Asolution of 20.0 g of which hydrated salt dissolved in 200 g h2o will have the lowest freezing point? (a) cuso4•5h2o(m=250)(b) niso4•6h2o(m=263)(c) mgso4•7h2o(m=246)(d) na2so4 • 10 h2o (m = 286)

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Answer from: madbiebzz

The solution of Na₂SO₄ . 10H₂O ( choice D), will have the lowest freezing point.

Explanation:

1) The lowering of the freezing point is a colligative property which means that it depends, and can be calculated from some contants of the pure solvent, and the number of solute particles dissolved.

ΔTf = m × Kf × i

Where, ΔTf is the reduction in the freezing point, m is the molality of the solution, Kf is the cryoscopic constant of the solvent, and i is the Van't Hoff factor.

2) Find the molality of each solution, m:

Formulae:

moles of solute, n = mass in grams / molar mass

m = n / kg of solvent

(A) CuSO₄•5H₂O (M=250)

n = 20.0 g / 250 g/mol = 0.0800 molm = 0.0800 mol / 0.200 kg = 0.400 m

(B) NiSO₄•6H₂O(M=263)

n = 20.0 g / 263 g/mol = 0.0760 molm = 0.0760 mol / 0.200 kg = 0.380 m

n = 20.0 g / 246 g/mol = 0.0813 molm = 0.0813 mol / 0.200 kg = 0.406 m

(D) Na₂SO₄ • 10 H₂O (M = 286)

n = 20.0 g / 286 g/mol = 0.0699 molm = 0.0699 mol / 0.200 kg = 0.350 m

3) Van't Hoff factor.

Since, all the solutes are ionic, you start assuming that they all dissociate 100%.

That means that:

Each unit of CuSO₄.5H₂O yields 2 ions in water ⇒ i = 2Each unit of NiSO₄. 6H₂O yileds 2 ions in water ⇒ i = 2Each unit of MgSO₄.7H₂O yields 2 ions in water ⇒ i = 2Each unit of Na₂SO₄.10H₂O yields 3 ions in water ⇒ i = 3

4) Comparison

Being Kf a constant for the four solutions (same solvent), you just must compare the product m × i

CuSO₄.5H₂O: 2 × 0.400 = 0.800NiSO₄. 6H₂O: 2 × 0.380 = 0.760MgSO₄.7H₂O: 2 × 0.406 = 0.812Na₂SO₄.10H₂O: 3 × 0.406 = 1.218

As you see from above calculations, the dissociation factor defines the situation, and you can conclude that the last choice, i.e. the solution of Na₂SO₄ . 10H₂O, will have the greatest decrease of the freezing point, resulting in the lowest freezing point.

Answer from: Quest

The answer should be vaporization

Answer from: Quest

the answer is c

tell me if wrong

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