Consider a pure crystalline solid that is heated from absolute zero to a temperature above the boiling point of the liquid. which of the following processes produces the greatest increase in the entropy of a substance?

a) melting the solid
b) heating the liquid
c) heating the gas
d) heating the solid
e) vaporizing the liquid

Option E) vaporizing the liquid.

Explanation:

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system.The solid, liquid and gas state are characterized by the degree of freedom of their particles. The particles in the solid state are commonly arranged in fixed positions formins structures called crystals. So, they are the most ordered structures.In the liquids, compared with solids, the particles gain some motion, so they are not as much ordered, but yet they are enough attached to neighbor particles as to keep a fixed volume.The particles in gases are in constant, rapid and random motion, which means that they have the greatest level of disorder, compared to liquids and solids. That is why gases have not a fixed voiume but take the shape and form of the vessel that contains them.

Hence, you conclude that, among the choices, when a pure crystalline solid that is heated from absolute zero to a temperature above the boiling point of the liquid, the process of vaporizing (converting into gas) a liquid produces the greatest increase in the entropy of a substance.

For cyclohexane compounds drawn in a chair conformation:   -axial bonds are vertical  -equatorial bonds are parallel to two bonds within the ring.  thus, as i assume the chair conformation is drawn:   -the x group is in an axial position, as are the five other vertical bonds.  -three axial bonds are on the top face of the ring  -the other three axial bonds are on the bottom face  the position of the second substituent on each ring carbon is equatorial.  gauche groups must be on an adjacent carbon such as carbon 6 and carbon 2, and also gauche groups are rotated by 60 degrees relative to each other.  drawing the newman projections for c1–c2 and c1–c6 aids in visualizing the groups that are gauche to the y group on c1.  click this link and watch some academic videos that may you more understand the topic