What happens in an oxidation half-reaction?
a.
elements gain electrons.
b.
elements lose electrons.
c.
oxygen is added.
d.
oxygen is lost.

What is the specific heat of a substance that absorbs 2.5×10^3 joules of heat when a sample of 1.0 ×10^4g of the substance increases in temperature from 10°c to 70°c?

Pauling and lewis questioned the extreme definitions of bonds. they wondered if bonds might be described somewhere in between the two extremes (covalent and ionic). on the basis of experimental data,pauling confirmed that bonds could be ionic, covalent, and for those, in between, exhibit a degree of ionic character. he theorized that the major factor was how strongly the atoms in the bond attracted the electrons. pauling called this factor - the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worn away by the grinding action of other rock particles is call