Which statement concerning spontaneous chemical reactions is true?
a. spontaneous chemical reactions always occur rapidly.
b. spontaneous reactions are those that occur without an ongoing outside source of energy.
c. spontaneous chemical reactions are those that occur with no change in energy.
d. a nonspontaneous reaction can be made spontaneous by the addition of a catalyst.

Tell me the iupac names of the following alcohols:

Answer explain why it is not possible to deduce a complete order of reactivity.

Answer asap need it by wednesday morning carry out the following calculations on ph and ka of from data. i. calculate the ph of 0.02m hcl ii. calculate the ph of 0.036m naoh iii. calculate the ph of 0.36m ca(oh)2 iv. calculate the ph of 0.16m ch3cooh which has ka = 1.74 x 10-5 mol dm-3 v. calculate ka for weak acid ha which has a ph of 3.65 at 0.30m concentration vi. calculate the ka of a solution made by mixing 15.0 cm3 0.2m ha and 60.0 cm3 0.31m a-. [ph= 3.80] vii. calculate the ph of a solution made by mixing 15.0 cm3 0.1m naoh and 35.0 cm3 0.2m hcooh. [ka = 1.82 x 10-4 m]