What information does a complete ionic equation give that the balanced equation doesn’t show?

For example, NaCl reacts with AgNO₃ to produce NaNO₃ and AgCl (a precipitate). The chemical equation for this reaction will be:

NaCl + AgNO₃ → NaNO₃ + AgCl (s)

The complete ionic equation for the same reaction will be:

Na⁺ + Cl⁻ + Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ → Na⁺ + NO₃⁻ + AgCl (s)

Excepting for the AgCl solid, all other species in the ionic equation are written as ions.

Their subscripts show their charges. There's no subscript in the chemical equation. It takes some reasoning to tell the ions formed from each of the species.

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when 25.0 ml of 0.700 mol/l naoh was mixed in a calorimeter with 25.0 ml of 0.700 mol/l hcl, both initially at 20.0 °c, the temperature increased to 22.1 °c. the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 279 j/°c.

the equation for the reaction is:

naoh + hcl → nacl + h₂o

moles of hcl = 0.0250 l hcl ×

0.700

mol hcl

1 l hcl = 0.0175 mol hcl

volume of solution = (25.0 + 25.0) ml = 50.0 ml

mass of solution = 50.0 ml soln ×

1.00

ml soln

= 50.0 g soln

δt=t2-t1

= (22.1 – 20.0) °c = 2.1 °c

the heats involved are

heat from neutralization + heat to warm solution + heat to warm calorimeter = 0

q1+q2+q3=0

nδh+mcδt+cδt=0

0.0175 mol ×

δh

+ 50.0 g × 4.184 j·g⁻¹°c⁻¹ × 2.1 °c + 279 j°c⁻¹ × 2.1 °c = 0

0.0175 mol ×

δh

+ 439.32 j + 585.9 j = 0

0.0175 mol ×

δh

= -1025.22 j

δh=1025.22j0.0175 mol= -58 600 j/mol = -58.6 kj/mol