The elements x, y,and z have atoms with outer electron shell configurations containing 4,7 and 8 electrons respectively. state and describe the type of bonding which is likely to occur in the following cases: (1) between atoms of x ? (2) between atoms of y ? (3) between atoms of z ? (4) between one atom of x and four atoms of y?

Answers:

(1) Covalent

(2) Covalent

(3) None

(4) Covalent

Step-by-step explanation:

Element x is in Group 14 (carbon family); Element y is in group 17 (halogens); Element z is in Group 18 (noble gases).

Bonds between nonmetals are covalent bonds formed by sharing electrons.

(1) The x-x bonds are probably covalent bonds in a network solid, because it is difficult to form four covalent bonds between two atoms.

(2) Each y atom needs one electron to complete its octet. If they each share one electron, they will both have a octet. The y-y bond will be a single covalent bond.

(3) Each z atom is a noble gas. Noble gases do not form z-z bonds, because they already have an octet.

(4) Each xy₄ molecule will have four polar covalent x-y bonds pointing toward the corners of a regular tetrahedron.

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.