Explain the difference between independent and dependent variables. many people confuse a hypothesis with a prediction. how are they different? how are they similar? the results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis that the experiment was designed to test. was the experiment a waste of time? explain.

Hey there!

The independent variable is the factor that is deliberately manipulated in an experiment. The dependent variable is the variable in a relation whose value depends on the value of the independent variable.

Second, hypotheses and predictions are similar in that they are both related to an experiment. However, a hypothesis is an explanation for a phenomena that is testable through an experiment. A prediction is the expected result of an experiment.

An when conducting an experiment, it is always important to present accurate data even if that data does not support your hypothesis. If your data does not support the hypothesis, the experiment was not a waste of time. This data provides you with information regarding what is not happening in a particular phenomenon. Information gained from the experiment can help you to develop new hypotheses to test in the future.

Hope this helped.

Regards, ShaggySnaps

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.