Which statement is true about carbon? a) it shares its valence electrons. b) it has two valence electrons. c) it is non-reactive. d) it is a metal.

The correct answer is A.

Explanation:

Carbon shares the electrons in its valence layers. For example, a carbon-oxygen bond is a covalent bond between a carbon atom and an oxygen atom and is one of the most abundant found in nature. Being covalent means that they share electrons between their atoms.

The elements of the second period have their valence electrons in orbitals 2s and 2p. Therefore carbon has 4 valence electrons. It should also be noted that it is an element belonging to non-metals.

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.