N2(g) effuses at a rate that is times that of kr(g) under the same conditions.

- gas effuses at a rate that is 1.73 times that of Kr gas under the same conditions.

Solution:- Rate of effusion of gases is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas. It is known as Graham's law. The formula is written as:

Since we have nitrogen and krypton gases, so let's write the formula as:

where r stands for rate of effusion and M stands for molar mass.

Molar mass of nitrogen gas is 28.01 gram per mol and the molar mass of krypton gas is 83.8 gram per mol.

let's plug in the values in the formula:

= 1.73

So, the rate of effusion of nitrogen gas is 1.73 times that of Kr.

d.) the average kinetic energy of the gas particles is greater in container b because its particles move faster.

in scientific notation, the value of the  speed of light in a vacuum

  will be written as 2.995 * 10^8. when this value is represented in the form of

  a * 10^b, then, a = 2.995 and b = 8.

the value of the speed of light in a vacuum given above can also be rounded up to approximately 300000000. in this case, the scientific notation will be written as 3 *10^8.