What is the ecell° for the following cells? a. al|al³⁺ || au³⁺|au b. zn|zn²⁺ || hg²⁺|hg c. li|li⁺ || ni²⁺|ni

Answers:

(a) +3.160 V; (b) +1.613 V; (c) +2.783 V

Explanation:

We must look up the standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions.

The half-reaction on the left-hand side of the cell diagram is an oxidation, so we reverse the sign of E°, and then add the two half-reactions and their E° values.

(a)

Al ⟶ Al³⁺ + 3e⁻;            +1.662 V

Au³⁺ + 3e⁻ ⟶ Au;         +1.498 V  

Al + Au³⁺ ⟶ Al³⁺ + Au; +3.160 V

(b)

Zn ⟶ Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻;           +0.762 V

Hg²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Hg;          +0.851 V

Zn + Hg²⁺ ⟶ Zn²⁺ + Hg; +1.613 V

(c)

2×[Li ⟶ Li⁺ + e⁻];          +3.040 V

1×[Ni²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Ni];      -0.257 V

2Li + Ni²⁺ ⟶ 2Li⁺ + Ni; +2.783 V

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