If an atom contains more electrons than protons, it is a cation an anion electrically neutral

If an atom contains more electrons than protons, it is an anion.

By definition, an anion is a negatively charged ion. All atoms have protons and electrons that are ideally of the same quantity to produce an electrically neutral atom. However, if there are more electrons, which are negatively charged, than protons, which are positively charged, this gives an overall negative charge, producing an anion.

Spontaneity tell us the direction of the reaction, but not how fast it goes. gibbs free energy brings together enthalpy, entropy and temperature in one easy formula. g = h - ts. and, finally the sign of delta g is always negative for a spontaneous reaction.