An organic compound was synthesized and found to contain only c, h, n, o, and cl. it was observed that when a 0.150 g sample of the compound was burned, it produced 0.138 g of co2 and 0.0566 g of h2o. all the nitrogen in a different 0.200 g sample of the compound was converted to nh3, which was had a mass of 0.0238 g. finally, the chlorine in a 0.125 g sample of the compound was converted to agcl. the agcl, when dried, weighed 0.251 g. determine the percent mass of each of these elements.

The composition is 25.1 % C, 4.22 % H, 9.79 % N, 49.7 % Cl, 11 % O.

We must calculate the masses of C, H, N, Cl, and O from the masses given.

Mass of C in 150 mg X =138 mg CO₂ × (12.01 mg C/44.01 mg CO₂) = 37.66 mg C

Mass of H in 150 mg X = 56.6 mg H₂O × (2.016 mg H/18.02 mg H₂O) = 6.332 mg H

Mass of N in 200 mg X = 23.8 mg NH₃ × (14.01 g N/17.03 g NH₃) = 19.58 mg N

Mass of N in 150 mg X = 19.58 mg N × (150 mg X/200 mg X) = 14.68 mg N

Mass of Cl in 125 mg X = 251 mg AgCl × (35.45 mg Cl/143.32 mg AgCl) = 62.08 mg Cl

Mass of Cl in 150 mg X = 62.08 mg Cl × 150 mg /125 mg X) = 74.50 mg Cl

Mass of O in 150 mg X = (150 – 37.66 -6.332 -14.68 – 74.50) mg = 16.8 mg

% C  = 37.66 mg/150 mg × 100 % =   25.1    %

% H  = 6.332 mg/150 mg × 100 % =     4.22 %

% N  = 19.58 mg/200 mg × 100 % =     9.79 %

% Cl = 62.08 mg/125 mg × 100 %  =  49.7   %

% O  = 16.8 mg/150 mg × 100 %     =   11       %

                                           TOTAL = 100      %

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"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."