What are the factors that affect the rate of dissolution? a. color, temperature, stirring b. texture, surface area, stirring c. temperature, stirring, surface area d. stirring, temperature, texture

Option (C) is the correct answer.

When solute is added to the solvent, results in the formation of solution and the process is said to be dissolution.

Dissolution process depends upon the three factors: temperature, stirring and surface area.

Stirring increases the rate of dissolving as when stirring a solute in the solvent, stirring helps in the distribution of solute throughout the solvent which results in speed up the dissolving rate.

Dissolution also depends upon the temperature, in warm solvent, solute dissolves readily whereas in cool solvent, solute dissolves slowly as particles have more movement energy.

Greater the surface area, there will be more contact between the solute particles and solvent particles which increases the rate of dissolving. Smaller the surface are, there will be less contact between the particles which decreases the rate of dissolving. For example: granulated sugar dissolves more readily due to larger surface area and one ice cube dissolves slowly due to smaller surface area.

Hence, rate of dissolution depends upon temperature, stirring, surface area.

water   molecules stay close to each other through cohesion, the collective action of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. cohesion plants draw water upwards from the root through the stem's transport tubes (xylem) to the leaf. this transport occurs even in large trees and against gravity. transpiration, evaporation of water from plant leaves, creates a tension on water molecules being pulled up from the stem and roots.

water also has high (the attraction of one substance to another) properties because of its polar nature. adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls counteract gravity while water is transported from roots to leaves.

water exhibits a very high surface tension when compared to other liquids. surface tension is a property of a liquid that holds the surface together and allows it to resist an external force. by capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. the high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water from the roots to the leaves of plants.

thus, cohesion, along with adhesion and surface tension creates a capillary action that keeps water molecules interacting and moving through the plants out to the leaf cells.

therefore, option d) is the correct answer.

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