In one experiment, the reaction of 1.00 g mercury and an excess of sulfur yielded 1.16 g of a sulfide of mercury as the sole product. in a second experiment, the same sulfide was produced in the reaction of 1.56 g mercury and 1.02 g sulfur. what mass of the sulfide of mercury was produced in the second experiment?

Based on experiment 1:

Mass of Hg = 1.00 g

Mass of sulfide = 1.16 g

Mass of sulfur = 1.16 - 1.00 = 0.16 g

# moles of Hg = 1 g/200 gmol-1 = 0.005 moles

# moles of S = 0.16/32 gmol-1 = 0.005 moles

The Hg:S ratio is 1:1, hence the sulfide is HgS

Based on experiment 2:

Mass of Hg taken = 1.56 g

# moles of Hg = 1.56/200 = 0.0078

Mass of S taken = 1.02 g

# moles of S = 1.02/32 = 0.0319

Hence the limiting reagent is Hg

# moles of Hg reacted = # moles of HgS formed = 0.0078 moles

Molar mass of HgS = 232 g/mol

Therefore, mass of HgS formed = 0.0078 * 232 = 1.809 g = 1.81 g

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."

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