Chemistry, 16.07.2019 10:00 hayleyconsole

What salt is produced in each of the following neutralization reactions? hno3(aq)+koh(aq)→h2o(l)+? hno3(aq)+ca(oh)2(aq)→h2o(l)+? hcl(aq)+ca(oh)2(aq)→h2o(l)+? hcl(aq)+koh(aq)→h2o(l)+? cacl2, kcl, kcl2, cano3, k2no3, ca(no3)2, kno3, cacl

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The salts produced in the given neutralization reactions are $\boxed{\text{KNO}_{3},\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2},\text{CaCl}_{2},\text{KCl}}$ .

Further Explanation:

Neutralization reaction:

It is the reaction that occurs between an acid and a base in order to form salt and water. It is named so as it neutralizes the excess amount of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. It is used to decrease the acidity in the stomach, wastewater treatment, antacid tablets and to control the pH of soil. An example of neutralization reaction is,

$\text{HCl}+\text{NaOH}\rightarrow\text{NaCl}+\text{H}_{2}\text{O}$

(A) $\textbf{HNO}_{3}$ is a strong acid while KOH is a strong base.

The dissociation of $\text{HNO}_{3}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{3}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$

The dissociation of KOH occurs as follows:

$\text{KOH}\rightarrow\text{K}^{+}+\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by $\text{HNO}_{3}$ combines with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of KOH and water is formed. So $\text{K}^{+}$ and $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{KNO}_{3}$ .

(B) $\textbf{HNO}_{3}$ is a strong acid while $\textbf{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ is a strong base.

The dissociation of $\text{HNO}_{3}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{3}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}\rightarrow\text{Ca}^{2+}+2\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by $\text{HNO}_{3}$ combines with two $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ and two moles of water are formed. So $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ and $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2}$ .

The complete reaction is as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{2}(aq)+\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}(aq)\rightarrow\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2}(aq)$

The dissociation of HCl occurs as follows:

$\text{HCl}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{Cl}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}\rightarrow\text{Ca}^{2+}+2\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by HCl combine with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ and water is formed. So $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{CaCl}_{2}$ .

The complete reaction is as follows:

$2\text{HCl}(aq)+\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}(aq)\rightarrow2\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{CaCl}_{2}(aq)$

(D) HCl is a strong acid while KOH is a strong base.

The dissociation of HCl occurs as follows:

$\text{HCl}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{Cl}^{-}$

The dissociation of KOH occurs as follows:

$\text{KOH}\rightarrow\text{K}^{+}+\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by HCl combines with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of KOH and water is formed. So $\text{K}^{+}$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{KCl}$ .

The complete reaction is as follows:

$\text{HCl}(aq)+\text{KOH}(aq)\rightarrow\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{KCl}(aq)$

So salts formed in all the reactions are $\textbf{KNO}_{3},\textbf{ Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2},\textbf{ CaCl}_{2}\text{ and }\textbf{KCl}$ respectively.

Learn more:

1. Balanced chemical equation

2. Oxidation and reduction reaction

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation

Keywords: neutralization reaction, salt, HCl, KCl, H2O, KOH, Ca(OH)2, HNO3, Ca(NO)32, KCl, KNO3, acid, base.

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