Chemistry, 17.07.2019 21:30 laniflower737

What is the percent yield of oxygen in a sample of 115g of oxygen produced by heating 400g of potassium chlorate

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Answer from: djwattam

The % yield of oxygen in a sample of 115g of oxygen produced by heating 400g of potassium chlorate is 73.37%

calculation

% yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield x100

the actual yield = 115 g

find the theoretical yield by

first write the equation for decomposition of KClO3
that is 2KClO3 = 2KCl +3 O2

then find the moles of KClO3 = mass/molar mass

=400g/122.5 g/mol = 3.265 moles
by use of mole ratio between KClO3 to O2 which is 2:3 the moles of O2= 3.265 x3/2 =4.898 moles

the theoretical mass of O2 =moles of O2 x molar mass oF O2

=4.898 x 32 g/mol = 156.74 grams
% yield  is therefore =115/ 156.74 x100 = 73.37%

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

Answer from: Quest

answers: to make sure that all of the broken pieces of tablet were added to the water, to allow for fair comparison of all three trials, with different particle sizes to avoid experimental error

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What is the percent yield of oxygen in a sample of 115g of oxygen produced by heating 400g of potass...

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