(2 pts) "a study of norway's railways revealed that, for rides up to 60 km, the price elasticity of the volume of passenger demand was approximately −0.4. estimate the percent change in demand when the fare is increased by 10%"

The price elasticity of demand is actually the ratio of change in quantity demanded over the change in price, so it is mathematically written as:

PED  = % change in demand / % change in price

Therefore calculating for % change in demand:

- 0.4 = % change in demand / 10%

% change in demand = - 4%

So there is a 4 percent decrease.

answer; i do believe that the correct answer is ; ///are valued more highly than their cost;

ans.

heterothermic organisms include those organisms that can switch between homeothermic (having body temperature higher than environment) and poikilothermic (having variation in internal body temperature) strategies.

some migratory birds show heterothermy as they decrease their metabolic rate during cold nights to keep their body temperature low. drop in metabolic rate allows increase in production efficiency of birds that reduces the internal body temperature to make it equal to external cold temperature during cold nights.

thus, the correct answer is 'birds allow their temperature drop in order to increase their production efficiency.'