How to measure PENETRATION RATE?

Which of the following statements is (are) true? i. free entry to a perfectly competitive industry results in the industry's firms earning zero economic profit in the long run, except for the most efficient producers, who may earn economic rent. ii. in a perfectly competitive market, long-run equilibrium is characterized by lmc < p < latc. iii. if a competitive industry is in long-run equilibrium, a decrease in demand causes firms to earn negative profit because the market price will fall below average total cost.

Required information lansing company’s 2017 income statement and selected balance sheet data (for current assets and current liabilities) at december 31, 2016 and 2017, follow. lansing company income statement for year ended december 31, 2017 sales revenue $130,200 expenses cost of goods sold 53,000 depreciation expense 17,500 salaries expense 29,000 rent expense 10,100 insurance expense 4,900 interest expense 4,700 utilities expense 3,900 net income $7,100 lansing company selected balance sheet accounts at december 31 2017 2016 accounts receivable $6,700 $8,000 inventory 3,080 2,090 accounts payable 5,500 6,800 salaries payable 1,100 810 utilities payable 440 270 prepaid insurance 370 500 prepaid rent 440 290 required: prepare the cash flows from operating activities section only of the company’s 2017 statement of cash flows using the indirect method. (amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)

The accountant at bramble corp. has determined that income before income taxes amounted to $10800 using the fifo costing assumption. if the income tax rate is 30% and the amount of income taxes paid would be $900 greater if the lifo assumption were used, what would be the amount of income before taxes under the lifo assumption?