An interest group identifies $16.5 billion of the federal budget that went to earmark spending in fiscal year 2009. The group concludes that this statistic implies that the pork-barrel model is the best model for understanding congressional action. What is the clearest reason why the group's conclusion may be premature?

Rats that received electric shocks were unlikely to develop ulcers if the

Which of the following best describes the economic effect that results from the government having a budget surplus? a. consumers save more and spend less, enabling long-term financial planning. b. overall demand decreases, reducing the incentive for producers to increase production. c. banks have more deposits, enabling them to make more loans to investors. d. government spending increases, increasing competition for goods and services and driving prices up.

Motonous corporation has completed its fiscal year and reported the following information. the company had current assets of $153,413, net fixed assets of $ 412,331, and other assets of $7,822. the firm also has current liabilities worth $65,314, long-term debt of $178,334, and common stock of $162,000. how much retained earnings does the firm have?