In creating an advertising plan for its new electric car, the Lightning Bug, Volkswagen sets an objective to motivate two-thirds of consumers who are convinced the Lightning Bug is a practical alternative to hybrids to take a test drive. Taking a test drive demonstrates the level of the advertising pyramid.

in 2001, dell computer became the world’s largest personal computer vendor, continuing to

gain market share and post profits in an industry struggling with slumping sales and billions of

dollars in losses. dell sells 90% of its pcs directly to the final customer, largely bypassing the

reseller channel that accounts for most of the world’s pc sales. this direct customer relationship

is the key to dell’s business model, and provides distinct advantages over the indirect sales

model. dell’s direct relationship with the customer allows it to tailor its offerings to customer

needs, offer add-on products and services, and use the internet to offer a variety of customer

services. in addition, dell’s pcs are built to customers’ specifications upon receipt of an order,

giving dell additional advantages over indirect pc vendors who must try to forecast demand and

ship products based on those forecasts. dell’s direct sales and build-to-order model has achieved

superior performance in the pc industry in terms of inventory turnover, reduced overhead, cash

conversion, and return on investment (kraemer, et al., 2000).

explanation:

so they can see what that city is producing and to also see if they can some how get that product. like gold in africa.

fractionally backed paper money

fiat money

paper money

metallic money