The margin of safety ratio Select one: a. is computed as actual sales divided by break-even sales. b. indicates what percent decline in sales could be sustained before the company would operate at a loss. c. measures the ration of fixed costs to variable costs. d. is used to determine the break-even point.

At the beginning of the accounting period, nutrition incorporated estimated that total fixed overhead cost would be $50,600 and that sales volume would be 10,000 units. at the end of the accounting period actual fixed overhead was $56,100 and actual sales volume was 11,000 units. nutrition uses a predetermined overhead rate and a cost plus pricing model to establish its sales price. based on this information the overhead spending variance is multiple choice $5,500 favorable. $440 favorable. $5,500 unfavorable. $440 unfavorable.

Chance company had two operating divisions, one manufacturing farm equipment and the other office supplies. both divisions are considered separate components as defined by generally accepted accounting principles. the farm equipment component had been unprofitable, and on september 1, 2018, the company adopted a plan to sell the assets of the division. the actual sale was completed on december 15, 2018, at a price of $600,000. the book value of the division’s assets was $1,000,000, resulting in a before-tax loss of $400,000 on the sale. the division incurred a before-tax operating loss from operations of $130,000 from the beginning of the year through december 15. the income tax rate is 40%. chance’s after-tax income from its continuing operations is $350,000. required: prepare an income statement for 2018 beginning with income from continuing operations. include appropriate eps disclosures assuming that 100,000 shares of common stock were outstanding throughout the year. (amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign. round eps answers to 2 decimal places.)

Shrieves casting company is considering adding a new line to its product mix, and the capital budgeting analysis is being conducted by sidney johnson, a recently graduated mba. the production line would be set up in unused space in the main plant. the machinery’s invoice price would be approximately $200,000, another $10,000 in shipping charges would be required, and it would cost an additional $30,000 to install the equipment. the machinery has an economic life of 4 years, and shrieves has obtained a special tax ruling that places the equipment in the macrs 3-year class. the machinery is expected to have a salvage value of $25,000 after 4 years of use. the new line would generate incremental sales of 1,250 units per year for 4 years at an incremental cost of $100 per unit in the first year, excluding depreciation. each unit can be sold for $200 in the first year. the sales price and cost are both expected to increase by 3% per year due to inflation. further, to handle the new line, the firm’s net working capital would have to increase by an amount equal to 12% of sales revenues. the firm’s tax rate is 40%, and its overall weighted average cost of capital, which is the risk-adjusted cost of capital for an average project (r), is 10%. define “incremental cash flow.” (1) should you subtract interest expense or dividends when calculating project cash flow?