Part I: In February 2009, Isabella caused $700 worth of property damage when she inadvertently backed into someone's fence. How much would Isabella have had to pay under
plan A? How much did she pay under plan B?

Problems and applications q3 suppose the demand for french bread falls. illustrate the effect this has on the market for french bread. demand supply price of french bread quantity of french bread d 1 d 2 supply producer surplus in the market for french breadincreases . illustrate the effect the quantity change in french bread has on the market for flour. demand supply price of flour quantity of flour d 1 d 2 s 1 s 2 producer surplus in the market for flour .

Consider the following scenarios. use what you have learned to decide if the goods and services being provided are individual, public, or merit goods. for each case, state what kind of good has been described and explain your answer using the definitions of individual, public, and merit goods. (6 points each) 1. from your window, you can see a city block that's on fire. you watch city firefighters rescue people and battle the flames to save the buildings. 2. while visiting relatives, you learn that your cousins attend a nearby elementary school that is supported financially by local property tax revenue. 3. you see a squadron of military jets flying overhead. 4. you find out that your aunt works for a defense manufacturing company that has several defense contracts with the government. she tells you that she works for a team that is producing a communications satellite. 5. your class visits a local jail run by a private, profit-making company that detains county criminals and is paid with tax revenue.

You are the manager of a large crude-oil refinery. as part of the refining process, a certain heat exchanger (operated at high temperatures and with abrasive material flowing through it) must be replaced every year. the replacement and downtime cost in the first year is $165 comma 000. this cost is expected to increase due to inflation at a rate of 7% per year for six years (i.e. until the eoy 7), at which time this particular heat exchanger will no longer be needed. if the company's cost of capital is 15% per year, how much could you afford to spend for a higher quality heat exchanger so that these annual replacement and downtime costs could be eliminated?